Page 147 - Syntax
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๐ Syntax: - That section of Grammar in which the mutual relation of the parts of the sentence is described and the methods of making sentences from words are described. That is called Syntax.
Following are the rules of Syntax
1. S - S & P - P rule :- Singular verb is used with Singular subject and Plural verb is used with Plural subject.
Ex: He goes to school.
They go to school.
2. If any of the distributive pronouns {each, either, neither, every one} is the subject, then singular verb is used.
Ex: Every boy is going to school.
Either of the two boys is coming.
3. Plural indefinite pronoun {both, many, some, few} is the subject, then plural verb is used.
Ex :- The have gone to school.
Many have come.
Few have come.
4. If there is any subject from Infinitive or Gerund then singular subject is used.
Ex :- To walk is good exercise.
walking is good for health.
5. Adjective does not have a plural. But putting "The" before some adjective makes it plural. That's why plural verb is used with it.
Ex :-The poor are honest.
The sick are helpless.
The rich are dishonest.
6. If any of the relative pronouns {how, which, that} is the subject, then the verb is written according to the number of its antecedent noun or pronoun.
Ex:- The boys who are standing there are my brothers.
The boy who is standing there is my brother.
7. When two subjects are joined by and, then plural verb is used.
Ex:- Ram and Shyam are going to school.
Note : -
(i). 231 structure should be remembered to connect subject by and.
(ii) If both the subjects joined by and refer to the same person, then singular verb is used.
Ex:- The headmaster and secretary is coming.
The headmaster and the secretary are coming
(iii) If both the subjects joined by and form a single object, then singular verb is used.
Ex:- Fish and bread is good dead.
8. When two subjects are joined by either.......or or Neither........nor then the verb is written according to the 2nd subject.
Ex:- Either he or I am going to school.
Neither Mohan nor his friends are going to market.
9. When two subjects are joined by "with" , the verb is written according to the first subject.
Ex:- Sita with her children is going to market.
10. When two subjects are joined by "of " , the verb is written according to the first subject.
Ex:- The father of these boys is coming.
The price of these things is increasing.
